THE BASE OF ELECTRONICS

 BATTERY.

Hey guys !!! I'm back with another interesting and important device which is used by all of us in one or another way . So here i star with "  THE BATTERY"

  

A battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connection for powering electrical device such s flash lights ,mobile phones and and electric cars.When a battery supplying electric power its positive terminal is the cathode and the negative terminal is the anode .The terminal marked negative is the source of electrons that will flow through an external electric circuit to the positive terminal . When a battery is connected to an external electric load , Redox reaction converts high energy reactants to lower energy products and the free energy difference is delivered to the external circuit as electrical energy .

Historically the term battery specially referred to a device composed of multiple cells ,however the usage has evolved to include devices composed of a single cell .

primary batteries are used once and discarded , as the electrode materials are irreversibly changed during discharge ; a common example is the alkaline battery used for flash lights and a multitude of portable electronic devices. Secondary batteries can be discharged and recharged mutiple times using an applied electric current; the original composition of the electrodes can be restored by the reverse current . Examples includes the lead acid batteries used in vehicles and lithium ion batteries used for portable electronics such as laptops and mobile phones.

Batteries come in many shapes and sizes ,from  miniature cells used to power hearing aids and wrist watches to small ,thin cells used in smartphones ,to large led acid batteries or lithium ion batteries in vehicles ,and the largest extreme , huge battery banks the size of rooms that provide standby or emergency power telephone exchanges and computer data centers .

Batteries have much lower specific energy then common fuels such as gasoline.In auto mobiles, this is somewhat of set by the higher efficiency of electric motors in converting chemical energy to mechanical work , compared to combustion engines .