Transformer

Hey guys!!!! I am Sonal Kumari.....here to share some facts about one of the most commonly used invention in the world of electronics, which itself serves as a part for many other circuits ......"The Transformer" . Many of the facts maybe well known to you .....so here are my efforts to give a bit more knowledge about transformer.

what is a transformer!!!

A Transformer is a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another , or multiple circuits. A varying current in any one coil of the transformer produces a varying magnetic flux in the transformers core ,which includes a varying electromotive force across any other coils wound around the same core. Electrical energy can be transferred between separate coils without a metallic (conductive) connection between the two circuits . Faraday's law of induction, discovered in 1831 ,describes the induced voltage effect in any coil due to a changing magnetic flux encircled by the coil.

Principle: It works on the principle of mutual induction, i.e. , when a charging current is passed through one of the two inductively coupled coils , an induced emf is set up in the other coil.

Working: As the alternating current flows through the primary it generates an alternating magnetic flux in the core which also passes through the secondary.

This changing flux sets up an induced emf in the secondary ,also a self induced emf in the primary.If there is no leakage of magnetic flux ,then flux linked with each turn of the primary will be equal to that linked with each turn of the secondary .

Uses of transformers

Small transformers are used in radio receivers ,telephones, loudspeakers ,etc.
In voltage regulators for TV,refrigerators ,air conditioners , computers ,etc.
In stabilized power supplies.
A step down transformer is used for obtaining large current for electric welding .
A step down transformer is used in induction furnace for melting metals .
A step up transformer is used for the production of X-rays.
In the transmission of electric energy from the generating stations to the consumers.